A machine (spinning machine of chemical fiber) is a machine for forming a fibrous polymer solution or melt into a filament. According to the different fiber spinning methods, spinning machine is divided into wet spinning machine, melt spinning machine, dry spinning machine three types.

Wet spinning machine for viscose fiber, acrylic, vinylon and other spinning. The main feature is the polymer solution from the spinneret hole in the coagulation tank solidification into raw fiber, spinning speed is low, often 100 meters / min below the high-speed spinning speed of up to 200 m / min or so. Wet spinning machine is divided into two kinds of short fiber and long fiber.

① short fiber spinning machine: the spinning liquid from the infusion tube into the metering pump accurately metering through the filter into the spinneret, from the nozzle hole into the solidification bath into the solidification bath, solidified after the primary fiber through the guide wire collection And then washed or stretched. Staple fiber spinning machine is characterized by a large number of spinnerets (plates) in the spinneret, usually 3000 to tens of thousands of holes.

② filament spinning machine: and short fiber spinning machine is different from the coagulation of the wire after the winding mechanism. From the coagulation bath out of the wire after washing through the guide wire, through the reciprocating movement of the wire funnel into the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal tank. Such a spinning machine is called a centrifugal tank spinning machine; if the filament is wound around a bobbin through a guide wire, it is called a bobbin spinning machine; if a part of the post- Called semi-continuous spinning machine; if the spinning and post-processing all the processes are continuous in the spinning machine to complete, is called continuous spinning machine. Viscose cord production line using continuous spinning machine. Spinning filament spinneret generally in the 150 hole below the spinning cord fiber holes to the number of holes up to 3000 holes.

Melt spinning machine for spinning equipment such as polyester, nylon and polypropylene. The characteristic is that the melt finishes the cold wind solidifies the fiber, the cold wind is the high efficiency filter, the regulating valve, the deflector evenly blows to the fine flow. Spinning speed is high, generally 600 ~ 1500 m / min. There are two kinds of melt spinning machine.

① filament spinning machine: polymer chips from the hopper into the screw extruder after being melted and pushed by the screw into the spinning box through the catheter. Melt in the box by the spinning pump metering sent to the spinneret (plate), by the spinneret hole melt flow in the spinning window encountered cold air cooling and curing into fiber, oil by the volume The winding mechanism is wound on the bobbin. The number of filaments of filament spinnerets is generally several to several holes. Spinning curtain line up to about 200 holes, spinning brown wire when only one hole, this time the melt stream with water bath cooling solidification into silk. Melt spinning filament spinning machine in the 1970s the trend is: long spinning, that is, each spinning site with 2,3,4,6 or even more spinneret to improve the machine production; high-speed spinning Silk, spinning speed of 3500 to 4000 m / min, or even up to 5000 m / min or more; large package, each cheese package volume is generally up to 10 kg to dozens of kilograms; continuous, spinning and stretching A spinning machine at the same time to complete, but also to the spinning, stretching, deformation processes are completed in a spinning machine (referred to as BCF production), in the production of polypropylene and nylon has been applied. This machine is compact, small footprint, high production efficiency. In addition, the degree of automation of the spinning machine is also increasing.

② short fiber spinning machine: Compared with the filament spinning machine, it is characterized by the use of porous number of large spinneret, the general number of holes for the 400 ~ 1100, has been developed into porous spinning, the number of holes up to 4000; In the spinning corridor in the use of circular hair blowing or blowing side of the blowing side of the cooling system, the spinning part of the winding mechanism is not a separate part of the wire through the guide wire or small rotor, the tractor will tow Lead the wire to the wire, and then lay the tow in the barrel. Barrel capacity of up to 450 ~ 2000 kg. Large-scale synthetic fiber plant production of short fibers, often using direct spinning method. There is a non-spinning corridor of the melt spinning short-range spinning machine.

Dry spinning machine for the production of acrylic and vinylon filament. Spinning liquid from the infusion tube through the filter, metering pumps and spinneret into the corridor, the formation of the fine flow in the corridor encountered hot air, solvent evaporation, fine flow of polymer into fiber, and then tow into a certain The package. Dry spinning speed is generally 200 to 800 m / min. In order to meet the needs of special spinning process, 70 years and the emergence of dry - wet spinning machine.